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物联网云边协同

一、物联网云边协同

1.IoT云边协同设计

物联网平台（IoT）部署在云上，网关部署在边缘节点，设备通过边缘网关接入物联网平台。

云边协同设计：

  • Kubernetes 在云端部署 IoT 平台
  • KubeEdge 在边缘节点部署网关
  • IoT 设备通过 MQTT 协议接入边缘网关

2.物联网平台设计

物联网平台选择 ThingsBoard，边缘网关选择 EMQX、Node-RED，MQTTX 工具模拟终端设备。

IoT平台设计：

  • 使用 Kubernetes 在云端部署 ThingsBoard 集群

  • 使用 KubeEdge 在边缘节点部署 EMQX、Node-Red，实现边缘网关
  • MQTTX 工具模拟终端设备，通过 MQTT 协议接入边缘网关

3.物联网平台实现

物联网平台（IoT）具体实现：

  1. 部署 Kubernetes 集群
  2. 部署 KubeEdge
  3. 部署 ThingsBoard 集群
  4. 部署 EMQX、Node-RED 边缘网关
  5. 配置 Node-RED、MQTTX
  6. 测试 IoT 设备向 ThingsBoard 发送遥测数据

二、部署环境

1.节点配置

主机名 IP地址 角色
k8s-master 192.168.202.201 master
k8s-node1 192.168.202.202 node
k8s-node2 192.168.202.203 node
edge-1 192.168.202.211 edge

2.版本信息

信息 版本 备注
K8s v1.23.12  
centos 7.8 # cat /etc/redhat-release
KubeEdge v1.13.4  
ThingsBoard v3.5.1  
EMQX 4.4.17  
Node-RED latest  
     

三、IoT云边协同部署

1.部署Kubernetes集群

部署 Kubernetes 集群参考

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# 部署 Kubernetes 集群

https://iothub.org.cn/docs/kubernetes/pro/deploy-kubernetes/

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[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME         STATUS   ROLES                  AGE    VERSION
k8s-master   Ready    control-plane,master   27d    v1.23.12
k8s-node1    Ready    <none>                 27d    v1.23.12
k8s-node2    Ready    <none>                 10d    v1.23.12

2.部署KubeEdge

部署 KubeEdge 参考

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# 部署 KubeEdge

https://iothub.org.cn/docs/kubeedge/deploy/deploy/

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[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME         STATUS   ROLES                  AGE    VERSION
edge-1       Ready    agent,edge             4d4h   v1.23.17-kubeedge-v1.13.4
k8s-master   Ready    control-plane,master   27d    v1.23.12
k8s-node1    Ready    <none>                 27d    v1.23.12
k8s-node2    Ready    <none>                 10d    v1.23.12


[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get all -n kubeedge
NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS        AGE
pod/cloud-iptables-manager-592m5   1/1     Running   3 (3d22h ago)   4d5h
pod/cloud-iptables-manager-pg4pl   1/1     Running   3 (3d22h ago)   4d5h
pod/cloudcore-5959c5986f-8hsc4     1/1     Running   3 (3d22h ago)   4d5h

NAME                TYPE       CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                                                                           AGE
service/cloudcore   NodePort   10.110.71.216   <none>        10000:30976/TCP,10001:31372/TCP,10002:31922/TCP,10003:30163/TCP,10004:31927/TCP   4d5h

NAME                                    DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   NODE SELECTOR   AGE
daemonset.apps/cloud-iptables-manager   2         2         2       2            2           <none>          4d5h

NAME                        READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/cloudcore   1/1     1            1           4d5h

NAME                                   DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
replicaset.apps/cloudcore-5959c5986f   1         1         1       4d5h

3.部署ThingsBoard集群

部署 ThingsBoard 参考

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# ThingsBoard 单机部署
https://iothub.org.cn/docs/iot/deploy/deploy-single/

# ThingsBoard 集群部署
https://iothub.org.cn/docs/iot/deploy/deploy-cluster/

备注：考虑测试环境资源有限，部署单机代替ThingsBoard集群

4.部署Node-RED边缘网关

4.1.边缘网关功能

  1. 边缘网关使用 EMQX、Node-RED 实现 MQTT-Broker 功能
  2. 边缘网关通过 Node-RED 与 ThingsBoard 平台通信
  3. IoT 设备通过 MQTT 协议与边缘网关 EMQX 通信

4.2.部署EMQX

gateway-emqx.yaml

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[root@k8s-master kubeedge]# vim gateway-emqx.yaml 

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: gateway-emqx
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: emqx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: emqx
    spec:
      nodeName: edge-1    #调度到指定机器
      containers:
      - name: emqx
        image: emqx/emqx:4.4.17
        ports:
        - containerPort: 1883
          hostPort: 1884
        - containerPort: 18083
          hostPort: 18084
        - containerPort: 8081
          hostPort: 8082
        - containerPort: 8083
          hostPort: 8085
        - containerPort: 8883
          hostPort: 8884
        - containerPort: 8084
          hostPort: 8086

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[root@k8s-master iot]# kubectl apply -f gateway-emqx.yaml 
deployment.apps/gateway-emqx created


[root@k8s-master iot]# kubectl get all
NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/gateway-emqx-6fcb56cb4f-n8z5s   1/1     Running   0          12s

NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
service/kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1    <none>        443/TCP   27d

NAME                           READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/gateway-emqx   1/1     1            1           12s

NAME                                      DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
replicaset.apps/gateway-emqx-6fcb56cb4f   1         1         1       12s

访问EMQX

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# 访问地址

http://192.168.202.211:18084
账号：admin
初始密码：public
修改密码：1qaz2wsx


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# 参考

$ docker run -d --name emqx -p 18083:18083 -p 1883:1883 emqx/emqx:latest

$ docker run -d --name emqx -p 1883:1883 -p 8081:8081 -p 8083:8083 -p 8883:8883 -p 8084:8084 -p 18083:18083 emqx/emqx:v4.0.0

4.2.部署Node-RED

gateway-node-red.yaml

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[root@k8s-master kubeedge]# vim gateway-node-red.yaml 

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: gateway-node-red
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nodered
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nodered
    spec:
      nodeName: edge-1    #调度到指定机器
      hostNetwork: true   # 使用主机网络
      containers:
      - name: nodered
        image: nodered/node-red:latest

部署 Node-RED 到边缘节点

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[root@k8s-master iot]# kubectl apply -f gateway-node-red.yaml 
deployment.apps/gateway-node-red created


[root@k8s-master iot]# kubectl get all
NAME                           READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/gateway-5847c4f88c-bqx5j   1/1     Running   0          30s

NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
service/kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1    <none>        443/TCP   27d

NAME                      READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/gateway   1/1     1            1           31s

NAME                                 DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
replicaset.apps/gateway-5847c4f88c   1         1         1       30s

访问 Node-RED

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# 访问地址

http://192.168.202.211:1880


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# 参考

# docker run --network host --restart=always -v node_red_data:/data --name nodered nodered/node-red:latest

5.配置边缘网关

5.1.ThingsBaord创建网关

5.2.Node-RED上传遥测

将设备遥测发布到ThingsBoard服务器节点，请向以下主题发送publish消息：

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Topic: v1/gateway/telemetry

Message:

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{
  "Device A": [
    {
      "ts": 1483228800000,
      "values": {
        "temperature": 42,
        "humidity": 80
      }
    },
    {
      "ts": 1483228801000,
      "values": {
        "temperature": 43,
        "humidity": 82
      }
    }
  ],
  "Device B": [
    {
      "ts": 1483228800000,
      "values": {
        "temperature": 42,
        "humidity": 80
      }
    }
  ]
}

5.3.Node-RED连接EMQX

Node-RED 连接 EMQX，接收 IoT 设备遥测数据

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Topic: v1/gateway/telemetry

5.4.MQTTX连接EMQX

6.云边协同测试

6.1.测试方法

  1. 使用 MQTTX 工具模拟物联网设备，向 EMQX 发送遥测数据
  2. Node-RED 通过 EMQX 订阅遥测数据
  3. Node-RED 把遥测数据上传到 ThingsBoard

6.2.上传遥测数据

  • 通过 MQTTX 工具 上传遥测数据
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v1/gateway/telemetry


{
  "Device A": [
    {
      "ts": 1483228800000,
      "values": {
        "temperature": 42,
        "humidity": 80
      }
    },
    {
      "ts": 1483228801000,
      "values": {
        "temperature": 43,
        "humidity": 82
      }
    }
  ],
  "Device B": [
    {
      "ts": 1483228800000,
      "values": {
        "temperature": 42,
        "humidity": 80
      }
    }
  ]
}

  • ThingsBoard

  • Node-RED